Freshwater Sources

Colombian Ministry of Mines announces wetlands protection from open pit mining

Bogotá, Colombia – Colombia has signaled it will halt construction of one of the world’s largest open-pit gold and other metals mine. In a surprisingly bold step March 17, Colombia’s Minister of Mines Carlos Rodado announced “Pursuant to Colombian law, mining projects cannot be developed in wetlands areas.” If enforced, this would prevent construction of the massive Angostura mine in the Santander department, on the Santurban paramo.   "This is an important step in fulfilling Colombia’s obligations to its constitution and international wetlands protections,” said Natalia Jiménez Galindo, AIDA's legal adviser in Bogotá. “The State should refrain from approving any phase of the Angostura project, including any additional infrastructure."   If built, the Angostura mine would jeopardize the Santurban paramo, a sensitive high-altitude wetland that supply freshwater to more than 1 million people in nearby communities. In collaboration with various partners, AIDA has advocated for the protection of the paramo ecosystems against mining and provided related legal advice to organizations and sending to the authorities an analysis on the international law applicable.   “We applaud the Ministry of Mines for recognizing the prohibition against mining in paramos and we expect this will be reflected in an official decision” said Astrid Puentes Co- Director of AIDA. “This will send a strong message from the Government that it is truly interested in protecting paramos and making a difference in climate change”.   AIDA calls upon the Colombian government to formally reject the entire Angostura mine project as proposed by Greystar Resources Corporation of Canada. This is the only decision consistent with the norms, the pronouncement by the Ministry of Mines and the Alexander von Humboldt Institute concept.

Organization of American States questions Belo Monte Dam project

Human rights body of the OAS solicits official inquiry while Amazonian communities stage major protests. Altamira, Brazil - The Organization of American States (OAS) officially requested the Brazilian government to clarify information on the Belo Monte Dam’s licensing process, which moved forward without ensuring proper consultation with local indigenous groups. This request comes amid heightening local and international controversy around plans to construct the dam complex on the Xingu River in the Brazilian Amazon. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) of the OAS, solicited the request in response to a complaint filed by several organizations including the Xingu Alive Forever Movement (MXVPS), the Inter-American Association for Environmental Defense (AIDA) and the Para Society for the Defense of Human Rights (SDDH), and supported by another 40 institutions advocating for the rights of indigenous and traditional communities of the Xingu River basin. The complaint demands that the Brazilian government immediately suspend the licensing process for the Belo Monte Dam, stop construction of the project, and guarantee the human rights of affected people and communities. The IACHR gave the government ten days to clarify the steps taken to ensure free, prior and informed consultations with local peoples and the legality of the dams "partial license," among other issues. The request is the first step in a longer proceeding in which local communities are alleging human rights violations stemming from the proposed dam. "When Brazil signs a treaty, it is obliged to comply with its resolutions," said Roberta Amanajás, a lawyer for the Para Society for the Defense of Human Rights (SDDH). "As a signatory to the Inter-American Convention on Human Rights, Brazil must recognize its legitimacy to examine cases such as Belo Monte." "With huge development projects like the Belo Monte Dam Complex, all governments must be held accountable for protecting human rights and the environment of local communities," said Jacob Kopas, a lawyer with AIDA. "The Inter-American Commission has already recognized this in other cases and has urged the suspension of a large dam project in Panama and as large gold mine in Guatemala." Meanwhile, hundreds of fisherman staged a protest on Friday in the city of Altamira to show their opposition to a project that could destroy their livelihoods by decimating the region's migratory fish species. The event, blessed by Dom Erwin Kräutler, Bishop of the Xingu and historic opponent of the hydroelectric plant, was marked by dozens of fishing boats setting out on the Xingu River to symbolize the importance of defending the river and preserving their way of life. "The fisherfolk of the Xingu are committed to organizing in defense of their river," said Kräutler. "From it they pull sustenance for themselves and their families, while their hard work supplies all of the cities along the Xingu. It was very powerful to see them set out in large numbers to fish last week. Their return today has shown that the river is alive and that they want to see it remain alive forever." Today, dozens more fishing boats from surrounding communities affected by the dam have joined the protesters in a show of solidarity, where they will greet the fishermen on their return and share their catch to mark the International Day of Action for Rivers.

Public Hearing on the Angostura Mine Suspended: AIDA Publishes Brief Urging the Colombian Government to Protect the Páramos (Spanish Text Only)

PARA PUBLICACION INMEDIATA CONTACTO: Natalia Jiménez, [email protected] Teléfono: (+57) 310-5734176 Suspendida audiencia pública del proyecto minero Angostura: AIDA publica su intervención en la que insta al Gobierno colombiano a proteger los páramos.   Marzo 8 de 2011, Bogotá, Colombia – La audiencia pública programada para el viernes 4 de marzo en la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Departamento de Santander, Colombia) por el Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial en el proceso de licenciamiento ambiental del proyecto de gran minería de oro a cielo abierto "Angostura" fue suspendida debido a situaciones que impidieron el normal desarrollo de la misma. Por esta razón, la Asociación Interamericana para la Defensa del Ambiente, AIDA hará llegar al gobierno colombiano su escrito de intervención sobre las obligaciones internacionales y constitucionales del Estado colombiano de proteger los páramos, que no pudo presentar en la suspendida audiencia. En los próximos días, el Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial colombiano deberá pronunciarse sobre la cancelación total de la audiencia o sobre la posibilidad de reanudarla. Estaremos atentos a dicha notificación y nos aseguraremos de que los argumentos aportados por AIDA sean conocidos abiertamente y considerados dentro del proceso de solicitud de la Licencia Ambiental al proyecto Angostura. La misión de AIDA es fortalecer la capacidad de las personas para garantizar su derecho individual y colectivo a un ambiente sano por medio del desarrollo, aplicación y cumplimiento efectivo de la legislación nacional e internacional. La protección de agua dulce es una de nuestras líneas mediante la cual buscamos proteger el derecho al agua y asegurar recursos de agua dulce adecuados para las comunidades y los ecosistemas en las Américas AIDA, 426 17th Street, Oakland, CA 94612 T. (510) 550-6753, F. (510) 550-6740 AIDA Atlixco 138, Col. Condesa, México, DF, 06140, T/F (5255) 52120141 AIDA Diagonal 40 A No 14 – 75, Tel. (57 1) 3381277, Bogotá - Colombia AIDA Costa Rica, San Pedro c/o Centro de Derecho Ambiental y de los Recursos Naturales (CEDARENA) T. (506) 22837080 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.aida-americas.org

The Colombian Government Should Reject the Angosture Mining Project in the Páramos (Spanish Text Only)

PARA PUBLICACION INMEDIATA CONTACTO: Natalia Jiménez, [email protected] Teléfono: (+57) 310-5734176 El Estado colombiano debe rechazar proyecto de gran minería de oro "Angostura" en zona de páramo Desconocería obligaciones constitucionales internacionales   Marzo 4 de 2011, Bucaramanga, Colombia – Hoy, La Asociación Interamericana para la Defensa del Ambiente (AIDA) instará al gobierno colombiano a detener un proyecto de gran minería de oro y otros metales que sería un precedente perjudicial para los ecosistemas frágiles en América Latina. El proyecto de minería a cielo abierto Angostura, planeado en el páramo de Santurbán, se encuentra en proceso de aprobación por parte del Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial colombiano. Hoy se celebra una audiencia pública en la que el Ministerio recibirá argumentos de diferentes sectores. AIDA argumentará que las obligaciones internacionales y constitucionales del Estado colombiano de proteger el ambiente, especialmente áreas de gran importancia ecológica como los páramos, impiden la autorización. "Los páramos son ecosistemas altamente frágiles y la minería a cielo abierto causaría daños graves e irreversibles," dijo Natalia Jiménez, abogada de AIDA. "De acuerdo con la Constitución Política y los Principios de Río, la Convención de Biodiversidad y la de Cambio Climático, todos ratificados por Colombia, el Estado está obligado a conservar los páramos y procurar su intangibilidad." De ser aprobado el proyecto Angostura afectaría de forma definitiva por lo menos 575 ha del páramo de Santurbán (más del 50%), pudiendo afectar un área mayor. En Colombia, como en el resto de la región Andina en los páramos se origina la mayor parte del agua dulce que consumen los habitantes. Tienen una alta capacidad de purificar el ambiente, de estabilizar los suelos y el clima, de prevenir los deslaves y los derrumbes y de contener un alto nivel de animales y plantas. En efecto, son el hábitat de especies únicas en el mundo como el oso de anteojos y el cóndor de los Andes. La Procuraduría General de Colombia, miembros del Parlamento Andino y ex ministros de ambiente, así como organizaciones y expertos ambientales se oponen a la licencia. El proyecto carece de un adecuado Estudio de Impacto Ambiental integral, pues los impactos de la mina y los de la infraestructura complementaria, se analizan en dos procesos de forma fragmentada. Por ello, AIDA también solicita que el Ministerio los unifique y analice el impacto global del proyecto. Así lo ordenan los estándares internacionales y la Corte Suprema de Canadá, país de origen de la empresa Greystar Resources Ltds. que promueve el proyecto. La misión de AIDA es fortalecer la capacidad de las personas para garantizar su derecho individual y colectivo a un ambiente sano por medio del desarrollo, aplicación y cumplimiento efectivo de la legislación nacional e internacional. La protección de agua dulce es una de nuestras líneas mediante la cual buscamos proteger el derecho al agua y asegurar recursos de agua dulce adecuados para las comunidades y los ecosistemas en las Américas. AIDA, 426 17th Street, Oakland, CA 94612 T. (510) 550-6753, F. (510) 550-6740 AIDA Atlixco 138, Col. Condesa, México, DF, 06140, T/F (5255) 52120141 AIDA Diagonal 40 A No 14 – 75, Tel. (57 1) 3381277, Bogotá - Colombia AIDA Costa Rica, San Pedro c/o Centro de Derecho Ambiental y de los Recursos Naturales (CEDARENA) T. (506) 22837080 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.aida-americas.org

Victory: Crucitas gold mine cancelled for environmental harm

Indigenous and Riverbank Communities Call on the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights to Suspend the Massive Belo Monte Dam in the Brazilian Amazon

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE November 11, 2010 Media Contacts:   Astrid Puentes, AIDA - +1 510 984 4610, [email protected] Andressa Caldas, Justiça Global: +55 21 2544 2320 / 21 8187 0794, [email protected] Renata Pinheiro, Xingu Alive Forever Movement: + 55 93 9172 9776, [email protected] Christian Poirier, Amazon Watch: +1 510-666-7565, [email protected]   As the government prepares to issue the dam’s construction license, communities urge the Commission to denounce illegalities in licensing and violations of human rights   Washington, D.C., Brazil- Today international and Brazilian human rights and environmental organizations submitted a formal petition to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), denouncing grave and imminent violations upon the rights of indigenous and riverine communities that will be affected by the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex on the Xingu River in the Brazilian Amazon. Signed by the Xingu Alive Forever Movement as well as the representatives of affected communities – the Conselho Indigenista Missionário (CIMI), Coordenação das Organizações Indígenas da Amazônia Brasileira (COIAB), Prelazia do Xingu, Sociedade Paraense de Direitos Humanos (SDDH), Justiça Global, and the Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense (AIDA) – with the support of over twenty organizations and social movements, the petition urgently calls on the Commission to adopt “precautionary measures” that would compel the Brazilian government to halt plans to build the dam, slated to be world’s 3rd largest.   The petition documents the Brazilian government’s violation of international treaties, ignoring the fundamental rights of indigenous peoples from the lower Xingu Basin, including the Arroz Cru, Arara da Volta Grande, Juruna do Km 17 and Ramal pas Penas communities. It also highlights major threats posed by the Belo Monte Dam, including forced displacement of communities without insuring their free, prior and informed consent, threats to food security and access to drinking water.   “The government claims that the Juruna will not be affected, but we do not believe this. We have not been consulted and we do not want the government to speak for us,” said Sheyla Juruna, member of a Juruna indigenous community that will be affected by Belo Monte. “We are against the Belo Monte Dam and we are committed to fight with our bodies and souls to defend our lives and the life of our river.”   The IACHR petition comes on the same week as prosecutors from Brazil’s Federal Public Ministry (MPF) sent a document to Brazil’s environmental agency IBAMA advising that the agency not issue an installation license until the dam-building consortium Norte Energia can comply with an obligatory set of social and environmental conditions. Norte Energia and the Brazilian government have been pushing IBAMA to issue a “partial” installation license, which would allow the project to break ground without complying with legally binding conditions on the dam’s provisional license.   Based on assessments from government agencies – like IBAMA [Brazil’s environmental agency] and the Federal Public Ministry – and those from groups of specialists, the organizations affirm that the construction of Belo Monte will increase illness and poverty, while causing a surge of disorderly migration to the region that will overload health, education, and public safety infrastructure. The petition concludes: "Despite the gravity and irreversibility of the impacts of the project to local communities, there were no appropriate measures taken to ensure the protection of human rights and the environment."   “It worries us how the Brazilian government is ignoring national and international standards to accelerate this project, even at the expense of human rights and the environment,” affirmed Astrid Puentes Riaño, the co-Director of the Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense (AIDA). “Moving forward without taking precautions required by international norms will only result in human rights violations and the irreversible destruction of a critically important region of the Amazon.”   In addition to calling attention to the illegalities and human rights violations associated with the Belo Monte Dam, the petition cites an important precedent, pointing out that in 2009 the IACHR implemented similar precautionary measures, leading to the suspension of the Chan-75 hydroelectric dam in Panama due to possible violations of indigenous communities’ rights.   ###   For more information on the Belo Monte Dam, visit: http://xingu-vivo.blogspot.com http://www.aida-americas.org http://www.internationalrivers.org http://amazonwatch.org /    

Victory: Biosphere Reserve in Baja California Saved from Toxic Mine

National and International Organizations File Suit Against Colombian Mining Law to Protect Fragile Ecosystems Like the Páramos

 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: September 11, 2008 CONTACTS: Jerónimo Rodríguez, AIDA, (571) 3683889, Daniel Manrique, GESAP, (571) 5702393, [email protected] [email protected]   National and International Organizations File Suit against Colombian Mining Law to Protect Fragile Ecosystems Like the Páramos   Bogota, Colombia – On September 8th, the Colombian Constitutional Court admitted a lawsuit filed against the Colombian Mining Law by the Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense (AIDA) and the Corporación Gestión por los Intereses Ambientales y Públicos (GESAP Initiative). The law permits mining exploration and exploitation in ecosystems of special ecological interest, such as the Andean páramo, which infringes upon national and international legislation, in particular the Colombian Constitution.   The Andean páramos are unique, high-mountain ecosystems that serve as indispensable water reservoirs and regulators. Numerous rivers and lakes in Colombia originate in the páramos, the majority of which are used for drinking water. Páramo soils also capture and store atmospheric carbon. The law at issue in this suit (Article 34 of the Mining Law) opens these and other critical natural areas to mining unless they have been previously defined and declared protected by environmental authorities.   “Mining in fragile ecosystems destroys them and violates our Constitutional right to a healthy environment. For this reason, we are asking the Court to apply our Constitution and international principles on sustainable development to effectively limit mining activities and protect these valuable and sensitive ecosystems,” noted Jerónimo Rodríguez, AIDA’s legal advisor in Colombia.   Mining impacts on the páramo have already caused concern among Colombian authorities such as the Colombian Attorney General, which noted in its cautionary report, The Situation of the Colombian Páramos in the Face of Human Activity and Climate Change (2008), that “threats from activities with highly negative impacts on the páramos, such as mining, imply not only a loss of biodiversity, but also a national security problem related to the loss of a large number of environmental goods and services, among which is principally, our water supply.”   “If this provision of law is determined unconstitutional, in the future when mining exploration and exploitation projects are proposed within these ecosystems, even if they have not been defined or declared protected, there will be sufficient reason for environmental authorities to deny licenses for these activities,” concluded Rodríguez.   AIDA is a non-profit environmental law organization that works in the Americas to strengthen people’s capacity to guarantee their individual and collective right to a healthy environment through the development, implementation, and effective enforcement of national and international laws. Among other issues, AIDA focuses on protecting the right to water and ensuring adequate fresh water resources for communities and ecosystems in this hemisphere.

Legal victory! - Peruvian Constitutional Tribunal Orders the Government to Address the Public Health Emergency in La Oroya

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: May 12, 2006 Contact: Dr. Anna Cederstav, Earthjustice/AIDA, (English) (510) 457-4010 [email protected] Dr. Carlos Chirinos, SPDA, (Spanish) (+511) 441-9171 [email protected] Hunter Farrell, MOSAO/Technical Roundtable, English (+511) 97094921 Legal victory! Peru Supreme Court Demands Government Protect Public Health from Doe Run Smelter in La Oroya LIMA, PERU — Peru's Supreme Court has given the Ministry of Health 30 days to declare a health emergency in La Oroya, and to put in place an emergency health plan for the city, widely considered one of the most contaminated cities in the Western Hemisphere.   The city is the home of a multi-metal smelter, owned and operated by the Doe Run Company of St. Louis, Missouri, one of the companies owned by Mr. Ira Rennert and the Renco group of New York.   While the ruling named the Health Ministry as the agency primarily responsible for protecting the health of La Oroya's population, it also called on the Doe Run Company to reduce toxic contamination and protect public health in La Oroya. The ruling requires the Health Ministry to pay special attention to health risks faced by children and pregnant women.   “This is great news for the citizens of La Oroya, who have received justice from the Courts, and who -- in spite of having been threatened and persecuted for their role in demanding health protection in La Oroya -- had faith that justice would prevail,” said Dr. Carlos Chirinos, the attorney with the Peruvian Society for Environmental Law responsible for bringing the case almost four years ago. An initial victory in the lower court had been immediately appealed by Peru's Health Ministry, forcing the plaintiffs to bring the suit to the Supreme Court.   The Supreme Court ruling allows 30 days for the Health Ministry to declare a health emergency in La Oroya, an action demanded by the Movement for Health in La Oroya (MOSAO) since 2003. A spokeswoman for the group, Dr. Eliana Ames, expressed satisfaction with the ruling: "This is the first time the Peruvian Government has acted to defend the health of all La Oroya's children and population." Earlier efforts of Peru's Environmental Health Authority (DIGESA) were limited to a few hundred of La Oroya's estimated 10,000 children, more than 97% of whom suffer from excessive levels of lead, according to last year's study by the St. Louis University's Public Health School.   A related request to protect health by issuing precautionary measures for La Oroya is still pending before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. This case was brought by AIDA (Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense), Earthjustice, CEDHA (Center for Human Rights and Environment), and Carlos Chirinos.